Solar collector with heat pipes

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In a flat solar collector, the pipes through which the coolant circulates are usually placed vertically. Two pipe layout schemes are used - parallel and serpentine.

The parallel pipe arrangement has a small hydraulic resistance. Collectors with parallel pipes are used in water heating systems with natural circulation of the coolant.

Solar water heater panel with serpentine pipe arrangement

Laying pipes in a serpentine pattern allows for a slightly greater thermal effect, but at the same time the hydraulic resistance of the system increases sharply.

Vacuum tube solar collector
A solar vacuum tube collector is installed on the southern slope of the roof

A solar vacuum tube collector may consist of several dozen glass tubes in which a vacuum is created. Inside the vacuum tubes are tubes with a heat carrier.

The lower part of the surface of the pipes is covered with a kenya mobile database coating that focuses the sun's rays. And the upper part of the pipes is covered with a selective layer that lets the sun's rays in, but holds back the reflected thermal radiation from inside the glass pipe.

The presence of a vacuum significantly reduces heat loss, and the mirror and selective coatings further increase the efficiency of the collector.

The heat pipe solar collector is similar in appearance to the vacuum tube solar collector shown in the picture above. The differences are found inside the glass vacuum tubes.

Each glass tube of the collector contains another tube, hermetically sealed on all sides, with an easily evaporating liquid - a heat pipe. The upper end of the heat pipe is part of the heat exchanger in which the coolant of the solar collector circuit circulates.

When heated by the sun's rays, the liquid in the heat pipe evaporates. The vapors rise up and condense on the surface of the tube, which is attached at its upper end to the heat exchanger. The condensation process is accompanied by the transfer of heat to the coolant.

The condensate in the heat pipe flows down, heats up again, evaporates - the process is repeated and continues continuously.

In a heat pipe solar collector, each glass evacuated tube can be easily disconnected and replaced with a new one if necessary.